Hippias was a tyrant who ruled from 527 to 510 BCE. When his brother was murdered, his rule became harsh. Due to this, he was eventually kicked out (or ostracized) from Athens.
When Hippias was gone, Isagoras and Cleisthenes were trying to take over the empty void in the Athenian government. Isagoras became the tyrant first, and ostracized Cleisthens. The regular people of athens were upset at this, so they revolted against Isagoras and invited Cleisthens back.
This was 508 BCE, and it was when democracy was born.
Cleisthenes was rich, but he believed that reular people had important skills and opinions, so they should also participate in the government. Women were not included yet though.
Also, Infantry is referring to solders who fought on land, which was the spartan way. Athens had really good infantry too, but their real strength was in their navy. A Phalanx was a dense group of warriors with a close rank.
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